05

The Intelligence Era

What is to become of a world where intelligence is cheap?

For effectively all of human history, intelligence has been immensely valuable. Cavemen with knowledge of which berries to eat and which to avoid survived. Generals who knew how to counter their enemies won wars and built empires. Innovators who built advanced machinery dominated trade over the Industrial Revolution. Scholars wielding nuclear energy established Earth’s first superpower.

What is to become of a world where intelligence is cheap? Where does human value lie? Has humanity made itself obsolete with the advent of ASI? There will be nothing humans can do better than ASI, and there is no way to undo this evolution.

I remember watching Lee Sedol’s matches against AlphaGo in 2016. At the time, I was young enough to believe it could propel us into an easier and kinder world. But I knew how the game ended. Sedol’s game four win only delayed the inevitable, and he knew it. Humanity’s era had ended, and artificial intelligence reigned.

I say this as someone who values intelligence immensely and pursued it all my life. I dream of a world where humanity wields ASI to achieve a type III civilization. However, I know humans too well.

04

The Hand that Feeds

A peculiar remark from a driving test proctor sparked questions about gratitude and entitlement.

Every now and then I think about a sentence spoken by my driving test proctor when I got my permit. I had just completed the test. He stated I didn’t look back when reversing. I suppose a quick glance, then relying on the camera and mirrors weren’t enough. Despite this, I had not enough infractions to fail. As he concluded, I thanked him. He responded with “you don’t thank your boss for your paycheck, do you?” and said not to thank him. I was confounded. At the time, I had not worked a job and did not know if employees thanked their bosses or not. I hesitantly agreed with the proctor, but the elation of passing quickly took my attention.

Before and after this incident, I’ve never had anybody tell me not to thank them seriously. Why did he say this? Was he having a bad day and feeling low confidence? Or maybe he really believed some people don’t deserve thanks. After all, I’ve never seen anyone thank a professor for grading their exam.

However, I have seen people thank cashiers for exchanging goods. I’ve seen people thank bus drivers for their paid services. Where is the line drawn? Sometimes I wonder why there is a line at all.

03

The Dialogues to Come

What does it mean to be at war in the modern age?

What does it mean to be at war? Perhaps it’s an internal struggle against substance addiction. Or maybe it’s defending your land from invaders. But I believe there’s an inequality between these examples: internal conflicts are inherently more valuable than the external.

I don’t subscribe to solipsism, but being at peace with yourself is fundamental to wellbeing. There’s no amount of bloodshed that can establish this. No amount of land will make you feel like a worthy human. So why do humans fight so fiercely? For kings and villages forgotten.

Some say it’s just human nature, perhaps they are correct. But in the modern day, war is difficult to justify. Food supply is generally stable, and other basic needs can be facilitated by international organizations. Why does anyone want war then? To have a little more area on a map? To eliminate a disagreeing neighbor? Because your imaginary friend told you to?

And what does it mean to lose a war? Is it worth hundreds of thousands of human lives, dreams, knowledge, and labor to achieve your goals in war? Or is there another, pro-human path, even if you are not the victors.

02

On Digital Minimalism

In an age of endless digital noise, there's something profound about creating with intention.

This portfolio itself is an exercise in restraint—every element serves a purpose, every animation has meaning. The beauty of minimalism isn't in what you remove, but in how clearly what remains can speak.

When we strip away the unnecessary, we create space for the essential to breathe. In code, in design, in life—the principle remains constant: intentionality over abundance.

01

Building in Three Dimensions

Working with Three.js has taught me that the web is no longer confined to flat surfaces.

We can create depth, atmosphere, and emotion through virtual space. Each project becomes an opportunity to blur the line between digital and physical reality.

The challenge isn't just technical—it's conceptual. How do we design interfaces that feel natural in three dimensions? How do we guide users through space that exists only in memory and mathematics?

More thoughts forthcoming